Salmonella is a Gram-negative, curved or straight rod-shaped bacterium that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. It exists widely in nature, such as soil, water, animal intestines and other environments. Salmonella can cause intestinal infections in people and animals, with common illnesses including salmonellosis and typhoid. Symptoms of salmonellosis include diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and, in severe cases, sepsis and shock. Typhoid fever is a serious infectious disease with symptoms including high fever, headache, fatigue and diarrhea, which can lead to death if left untreated. The Salmonella spread mainly through food, water and contact with the feces of infected people. Preventive measures include maintaining personal hygiene, avoiding undercooked food, and drinking clean water.